{"id":7522,"date":"2024-03-24T08:00:25","date_gmt":"2024-03-24T13:00:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/braindevs.net\/blog\/blog\/?p=7522"},"modified":"2024-03-16T15:19:16","modified_gmt":"2024-03-16T20:19:16","slug":"i-am-a-doctrinaire-extremist-she-is-a-thoughtful-moderate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/i-am-a-doctrinaire-extremist-she-is-a-thoughtful-moderate\/","title":{"rendered":"I Am a Doctrinaire Extremist; S\/he Is a Thoughtful Moderate"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>I recently had an email exchange with an educational thinker and leader who has spent several decades in the field.<\/p>\n<p>After some back and forth, he\u00a0dismissed my &#8220;tenacious belief in the centrality of memorization and retrieval&#8221; as ultimately missing the point of learning.<\/p>\n<p>This summary struck me for a number of reasons:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><strong>First<\/strong>: it&#8217;s true (as far as it goes). I certainly do think that, under some circumstances, memorization can be helpful. And &#8212;\u00a0supported by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.retrievalpractice.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">piles o&#8217; research<\/a>\u00a0&#8212; I think that retrieval practice helps students form, consolidate, and transfer long-term memories.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><strong>Second<\/strong>: this summary implies that I&#8217;m in favor ONLY of memorization and retrieval practice. It suggests that I\u00a0&#8212; like Dickens&#8217;s Gradgrind &#8212; want my students to know <em>facts, facts, facts<\/em>. (No doubt, someone is aching to use the verb &#8220;regurgitate&#8221; to capture my purported obsession with facts.)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><strong>Third<\/strong>: it further implies that I genuinely don&#8217;t care about the <em>meaning<\/em> behind the facts, my students&#8217; <em>interest<\/em> in them, or the future <em>usefullness<\/em>\u00a0or <em>flexibility\u00a0<\/em>of them.<\/p>\n<p>I am, simply put, a doctrinaire extremist.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/braindevs.net\/blog\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/AdobeStock_554625739.jpeg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-7527\" src=\"https:\/\/braindevs.net\/blog\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/AdobeStock_554625739-300x133.jpeg\" alt=\"Crowds surround a burning mansion at night\" width=\"300\" height=\"133\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/AdobeStock_554625739-300x133.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/AdobeStock_554625739-1024x455.jpeg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Because I see myself quite differently &#8212; heck, I recently wrote a book with the name &#8220;Goldilocks&#8221; in the title &#8212; I was taken aback by this rhetorical move.<\/p>\n<p>I&#8217;ve been thinking about my new Gradgrind Status since receiving this email, and have arrived at a few tentative conclusions about the nature of educational debates.<\/p>\n<h2>We&#8217;re Mostly Moderates (?)<\/h2>\n<p>As implied above, I see myself as seeking out a reasonable middle ground in many educational debates<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">For instance, as I&#8217;ve written repeatedly, I think that working memory limitations\u00a0suggest that <em>novices<\/em> will benefit from &#8220;high-structure&#8221; pedagogies more than from more &#8220;low-structure&#8221; pedagogies. (See <a href=\"https:\/\/braindevs.net\/blog\/\/which-is-better-desirable-difficulty-or-productive-struggle\/\" target=\"_blank\">this recent blog post<\/a> for the difficulties in summarizing this\u00a0 &#8220;high-vs-low&#8221; debate simply, fairly, and accurately.)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">At the same time, as I&#8217;ve also emphasized, I think students&#8217; <em>increasing expertise<\/em> should promote them from high- to low-structure pedagogies.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">That is: the more my students know, the more they should be challenged with open-ended, creative, quest-like assignments that will help them consolidate, connect, and extend their knowledge. (If you know <a href=\"https:\/\/braindevs.net\/blog\/\/book-review-teaching-secondary-science-by-adam-boxer\/\">Adam Boxer&#8217;s book<\/a>\u00a0<em>Teaching Secondary Science<\/em>, you know he makes the same argument.)<\/p>\n<p>Given these three paragraphs\u00a0&#8212; so earnest in their moderation &#8212;\u00a0 you can see why I&#8217;m puzzled (and amused) to see myself reduced to a pitchfork carrier.<\/p>\n<p>At the same &#8212; and here I&#8217;m guessing &#8212; I suspect almost everyone in an educational debate believes they&#8217;ve struck up the most reasonable position: probably one in the middle of some continuum.<\/p>\n<p>For instance: my interlocutor explicitly champions a\u00a0stem-to-stern overhaul of the US educational system.<\/p>\n<p>From his perspective, the system we currently have\u00a0<em>is so disastrously out of synch with the needs of human flourishing<\/em> and\u00a0<em>the genuine truths behind human cognitive and emotional functioning<\/em> that its wholesale replacement is the only logical option.<\/p>\n<p>That is: although &#8220;stem-to-stern overhaul&#8221; might sound radical, it is &#8212; in fact &#8212; an entirely moderate and sensible position given the extremity of the crisis we face.<\/p>\n<p>Just as I think I&#8217;m a sensible moderate, he (I suspect) thinks his position is sensible and moderate-given-the-dreadful-circumstances.<\/p>\n<p>We&#8217;re all moderates here.<\/p>\n<h2>We Are Moderates, but Extremes Exist<\/h2>\n<p>When someone accuses me of being a &#8220;high-structure extremist,&#8221; I have an easy rejoinder at hand: &#8220;oh, come on; NO ONE believes any such thing.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>As in: NO ONE follows the Gradgrind method and stuffs students with (facts)<sup>3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>In an early draft of <a href=\"https:\/\/braindevs.net\/blog\/\/the-goldilocks-map-by-andrew-watson\/\">that Goldilocks book<\/a> I was just talking about, I made that very argument.\u00a0I found a study\u00a0that contrasts two teaching methods.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Method A: to understand what functions bones serve, students test chicken-bone strength by using vinegar to remove calcium from them.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Method B: students copy down the names of 206 bones from the chalkboard.<\/p>\n<p>I argued &#8212; in this early draft &#8212; that &#8220;<em>no one in the history of the planet has asked students to copy down the names of 206 bones.<\/em> That&#8217;s an absurd straw man.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>A colleague who read this draft took me aside one day and assured me that &#8212; sure enough &#8212; some schools <em>do exactly that<\/em>. She, in fact, had taught at such a school.<\/p>\n<p>Now, I&#8217;m probably right that no cognitive science research supports this method. But I do have to admit that\u00a0<em>some people distort cognitive science research\u00a0<\/em>to champion this method.<\/p>\n<p>My approach is moderate, but <em>extreme versions of my moderation do exist<\/em>. In other words: my interlocutor is wrong about me (I think), but not entirely wrong about the world of education.<\/p>\n<h2>The Double Flip<\/h2>\n<p>This insight, in turn, invites two more aha! moments.<\/p>\n<p>When I worry about the dangers of &#8220;low-structure&#8221; pedagogy, I\u00a0might be tempted to highlight examples where teachers throw students overboard into a stormy ocean of cognitive stuff &#8212; and ask them to swim to shore. (&#8220;In your groups, figure out how to cure rabies &#8230;&#8221;)<\/p>\n<p>Folks who champion low-structure pedagogies have a handy rejoineder: &#8220;NO ONE could misunderstand us to be in favor of such nonsense. That&#8217;s an <i>absurd straw man extreme;<\/i> I&#8217;m a sensible moderate.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>And &#8212; here&#8217;s the <strong>first<\/strong> aha! &#8212; I suspect low-structure advocates are\u00a0<em>entirely sincere<\/em> in this claim. They see this approach as a moderate one, and I&#8217;m yoking them to an extreme version of it.<\/p>\n<p>That rhetorical move is as unfair as is my interlocutor&#8217;s attempt to make me\u00a0into Gradgrind.<\/p>\n<p>And yet &#8212; here&#8217;s the <strong>second<\/strong> aha! &#8212; those extreme examples <em>do exist<\/em>; just as extreme versions of direct instruction do.<\/p>\n<p>This tangle of circumstances leads to (at least) two prohibitions:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Low-structure proponents should not say: &#8220;those extreme versions of our pedagogy don&#8217;t exist!&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Why not?\u00a0<em>Because they do<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">And I should not say: &#8220;because those extremes exist, your pedagogy is obviously unsound!&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Why not? Because those extremes are &#8212; almost certainly &#8212; misunderstandings of their plausibly moderate position.<\/p>\n<p>Honestly, all this moderation is making me a little dizzy.<\/p>\n<h2>The Gradgrind Perch<\/h2>\n<p>From my new Gradgrindian vantange point, I see two conclusions:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">One: although I see myself as a reasonable moderate, others easily perceive me as an extremist &#8212; because extreme versions of my way of thinking do exist,<\/p>\n<p>and<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Two: although I occasionally see other approaches as extreme, it&#8217;s possible\/likely that their most thoughtful advocated champion a moderate version of them.<\/p>\n<p>At this point, I&#8217;ve maxed out on the even-handed moderation that I can muster. To recover my equilibrium, I&#8217;m going to write the names of 206 bones on a chalkboard&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I recently had an email exchange with an educational thinker and leader who has spent several decades in the field. After some back and forth, he\u00a0dismissed my &#8220;tenacious belief in the centrality of memorization and retrieval&#8221; as ultimately missing the point of learning. This summary struck me for a number of reasons: First: it&#8217;s true [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":7527,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7522","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lb-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7522","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7522"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7522\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7535,"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7522\/revisions\/7535"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7527"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7522"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7522"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7522"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}