{"id":6661876,"date":"2025-07-13T16:06:24","date_gmt":"2025-07-13T21:06:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/?p=6661876"},"modified":"2025-07-10T06:43:00","modified_gmt":"2025-07-10T11:43:00","slug":"improving-schools-with-research-understanding-the-gaps","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/improving-schools-with-research-understanding-the-gaps\/","title":{"rendered":"Improving Schools with Research: Understanding the Gaps"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Those of us who study the intersection of research and teaching can get carried away all to easily.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After all: psychology research can provide enormous benefits to teachers and school leaders. More important, it benefits the <em>students and families <\/em>who depend on us. Because this reseach can help us understand &#8212; say &#8212; memory and attention, it can improve the way we teach and think about almost every school-keeping topic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>No wonder we get so excited. &#8220;Here&#8217;s the research!&#8221; we cry. &#8220;Now, go use it wisely!&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Of course, the gap between &#8220;having the research&#8221; and &#8220;using it wisely&#8221; is&#8230;ENORMOUS. If we understand research correctly, it can indeed help us know <em>what to do<\/em>. But&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8230; what if we&#8217;re relying on flawed research? or<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8230; what if we&#8217;re using research that doesn&#8217;t apply to the biggest problem in our school? or<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8230; what if we incorporate the research in our thinking, but don&#8217;t have a clear system to evaluate its effects, or&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This list goes on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Those of us who want psychology and neuroscience research to improve education need a better system for &#8220;using research wisely&#8221; in schools.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Today&#8217;s News: Towards a Better System<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>I&#8217;ve been thinking about the broader difficulties of &#8220;using research wisely in education&#8221; because of a recent book: <em>Evidence-Informed Wisdom: Making Better Decisions in Education<\/em>. The authors &#8212; Bradley Busch, Edward Watson, and Matthew Shaw &#8212; see exactly this problem, and have lots of guidance to offer.*<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This book includes several quotations and charts and anecdotes worth savoring; I want to focus on a Venn diagram that has really got methinking. Here&#8217;s an incomplete version:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/E-IW-Venn-Diagram-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6661877\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/E-IW-Venn-Diagram-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/E-IW-Venn-Diagram-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/E-IW-Venn-Diagram-1-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>As you can see, Busch, Watson and Shaw argue that we can find the &#8220;sweet spot&#8221; when we undertake three complex processes simultaneously.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In the <strong>first <\/strong>place, we need to identify the problem correctly.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Second<\/strong>, we should have a plan that relies on evidence and research.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>And <strong>third<\/strong>, we need to monitor that plan. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Of course, each circle in this Venn diagram requires lengthy exploration. I myself have <a href=\"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/the-goldilocks-map-by-andrew-watson\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"6433\">written a book<\/a> about evaluating the &#8220;evidence&#8221; which we might use in the green circle. And <em>Evidence-Informed Wisdom<\/em> takes several pages to explore the &#8220;review cycle&#8221; in the blue circle: an idea drawn from Bruce Robertson&#8217;s work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But the core insight here is: while each of these processes merits its own book, we get the most powerful effect from doing <em>all three at the same time<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mind the Gaps<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Venn diagrams help us think because they label the places that circles overlap. Those labels typically emphasize the <em>commonalities <\/em>that the circles share.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For instance, a humorous Venn diagram considers &#8220;bank robbers&#8221; and &#8220;night club DJs.&#8221; Their commonality: &#8220;people who tell you to put your hands in the air.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Busch, Watson, and Shaw have a different approach to that overlap. Check out this more-complete version (from page 80 of their book):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/E-IW-Venn-Diagram-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6661879\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/E-IW-Venn-Diagram-2.jpg 960w, https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/E-IW-Venn-Diagram-2-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/E-IW-Venn-Diagram-2-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Notice that in this Venn diagram, the labels do NOT highlight the commonality between the two circles. Instead, they name the <strong>specific problems created by the absence of the third circle<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So: if I successfully <em>identify the problem<\/em> (the purple circle) and <em>use evidence to plan a solution <\/em>(the green circle)<em>, <\/em>I&#8217;m wisely accomplishing two key processes. For that reason, I might make meaningful progress for a while.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However &#8212; and this is a BIG however &#8212; I&#8217;ve skipped out on Robertson&#8217;s review cycle (the blue circle). Without that additional process, my initiative might&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&#8230;lose focus. For example: my colleagues and I might all think we&#8217;re using retrieval practice&#8230;but we&#8217;re not all using it consistently and well.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8230;lose momentum. We could start out strong, but easily get distracted by the next shiny new thing. (I&#8217;m looking at you, AI.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Or, if our school runs a scrupulous process to <em>identify our most pressing problem<\/em> and <em>develop a clear &#8220;try-review-reflect&#8221; cycle,<\/em> our good work might well help our students.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>HOWEVER, because we didn&#8217;t use research to inform our decision making, we might be trying, reviewing, and reflecting upon a foolish plan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In other words: this Venn diagram reminds us of three essential processes to keep in mind. And, it highlights the symptoms we&#8217;ll see and feel if we skimp on one of those processes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As a bonus, it also offers a fun new way to think about creating Venn diagrams.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">TL;DR<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>We absolutely should use research to inform our teaching and our school keeping.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The process of &#8220;using research&#8221; isn&#8217;t straightforward; it requires at least three complex processes used in a just and nuanced balance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Busch, Watson, and Shaw have created a really helpful way to think simultaneously about all three.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>When you and your school decide to follow the evidence-informed path, this diagram will guide your exploration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>* Two important notes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>As far as I know, I&#8217;m not related to Edward Watson.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>I have a policy that I don&#8217;t review books written by friends. For that reason, I&#8217;m not reviewing this book. I am, instead, writing about a topic that it explores. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Those of us who study the intersection of research and teaching can get carried away all to easily. After all: psychology research can provide enormous benefits to teachers and school leaders. More important, it benefits the students and families who depend on us. Because this reseach can help us understand &#8212; say &#8212; memory and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":6662243,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[112],"class_list":["post-6661876","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lb-blog","tag-school-leadership"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6661876","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6661876"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6661876\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6662245,"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6661876\/revisions\/6662245"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6662243"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6661876"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6661876"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6661876"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}