{"id":4913,"date":"2019-08-22T08:00:10","date_gmt":"2019-08-22T13:00:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/braindevs.net\/blog\/blog\/?p=4913"},"modified":"2019-08-21T08:02:42","modified_gmt":"2019-08-21T13:02:42","slug":"obsessed-with-working-memory-resources","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/obsessed-with-working-memory-resources\/","title":{"rendered":"Obsessed with Working Memory: Resources"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>We&#8217;ve taken the summer to explore working memory together.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/braindevs.net\/blog\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/AdobeStock_251395687_Credit.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-4918\" src=\"https:\/\/braindevs.net\/blog\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/AdobeStock_251395687_Credit-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/AdobeStock_251395687_Credit-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/AdobeStock_251395687_Credit-768x513.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/AdobeStock_251395687_Credit-1024x684.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>You know how to <a href=\"https:\/\/braindevs.net\/blog\/\/obsessed-with-working-memory-part-i\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">define<\/a> it.<\/p>\n<p>You know <a href=\"https:\/\/braindevs.net\/blog\/\/obsessed-with-working-memory-part-ii\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">key facts<\/a> about it.<\/p>\n<p>You can <a href=\"https:\/\/braindevs.net\/blog\/\/obsessed-with-working-memory-anticipating-overload\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">anticipate<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/braindevs.net\/blog\/\/obsessed-with-working-memory-identifying-overload\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recognize<\/a> working memory overload.<\/p>\n<p>And, you can <a href=\"https:\/\/braindevs.net\/blog\/\/obsessed-with-working-memory-solutions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">solve<\/a> those WM problems.<\/p>\n<p>To conclude this series, I&#8217;d like to give you a <strong>few extra WM resources<\/strong> to draw upon.<\/p>\n<h2>The Book, and The Web<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/braindevs.net\/blog\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/LB-Cover.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-4915\" src=\"https:\/\/braindevs.net\/blog\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/LB-Cover-200x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/LB-Cover-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/LB-Cover.jpg 333w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>I&#8217;ve written a book about working memory called\u00a0<em>Learning Begins.<\/em> In fact, the articles from this summer draw heavily on the structure of that book. If you have enjoyed this overview, I hope you&#8217;ll enjoy its fuller exploration as well.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/view\/efratfurst\/learning-in-the-brain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">This post<\/a>\u00a0by Efrat Furst explores the relationship between working memory and long-term memory.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/NickHarveySmith\/status\/1137016864951984128?s=20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">This gif<\/a>\u00a0by Nick Harvey Smith prompted GREAT discussions at a recent presentation on WM.<\/p>\n<p>Adam Boxer summarizes Cognitive Load Theory\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/achemicalorthodoxy.wordpress.com\/2018\/10\/25\/simplifying-cognitive-load-theory\/amp\/?__twitter_impression=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>. As Boxer explains, CLT wasn&#8217;t created with teachers in mind. I myself find it a) really interesting and b) more jargony than is useful for most teachers. But, if you want a deep dive, this is a great place to dig. (More CTL resources <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cese.nsw.gov.au\/publications-filter\/cognitive-load-theory-research-that-teachers-really-need-to-understand\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.)<\/p>\n<p>You can test out your own working memory &#8212; and experience WM overload &#8212;\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/gocognitive.net\/demo\/working-memory-capacity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>The Research and the Researchers<\/h2>\n<p>Unsurprisingly, psychologists and neuroscientists have published thousands of research studies on the subject of working memory. This list gives a brisk introduction to the topics, opinions, and approaches you can find once you start exploring.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>What,\u00a0<strong>exactly<\/strong>, are the differences between short-term, long-term, and working memory? Nelson Cowan <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2657600\/?&amp;sa=U&amp;ei=pEsxVMXYOsLxauSzgsAG&amp;ved=0CEAQFjAH&amp;usg=AFQjCNH6YT_BncaSAu2BrrJO_FyZPqp5xw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has some answers<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Alan Baddeley offers the <strong>best known model<\/strong> of WM. He summarizes his research and opinions <a href=\"http:\/\/nwkpsych.rutgers.edu\/~jose\/courses\/578_mem_learn\/2012\/readings\/Baddeley_2003.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>How does <strong>WM develop<\/strong> during school years? Susan Gathercole <a href=\"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/academia.edu.documents\/23666677\/gathercole__pickering__ambridge___waring_%282004%29.pdf?response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DThe_Structure_of_Working_Memory_From_4_t.pdf&amp;X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&amp;X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWOWYYGZ2Y53UL3A%2F20190821%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&amp;X-Amz-Date=20190821T123832Z&amp;X-Amz-Expires=3600&amp;X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&amp;X-Amz-Signature=8ce9d37a1e3fc8dd42574adbee873e13107931042ab44a81a2a40aa90ef8813b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has data<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Nope. <strong>WM training<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1745691616635612\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">does not work<\/a>. Really, just, <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0104796\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">no<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>WM works more efficiently<\/strong> with <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.3758\/s13423-015-0889-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">information we already know well<\/a> than with new information (like the information students get because &#8220;they can just look it up on the internet&#8221;).<\/p>\n<p>Too many <strong>instructions<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.semanticscholar.org\/paper\/Working-memory-abilities-and-children's-performance-Gathercole-Durling\/250c0a6d42b24dd9e4f9cb1fc3309e524bdac654\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tax<\/a> working memory.<\/p>\n<p>Frederique Autin and colleagues <a href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/download?doi=10.1.1.357.7637&amp;rep=rep1&amp;type=pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">explain<\/a> that we can free up WM by <strong>reducing students&#8217; stress<\/strong> levels. The specific strategy: have them think differently about the cognitive challenge they face.<\/p>\n<p>The relationship between WM and <strong>creativity<\/strong>? Shelley Carson has you <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scientificamerican.com\/article\/the-unleashed-mind\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">covered<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>We can free up WM capacity by using the <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.3758\/BF03195736.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">right teaching <strong>strategies<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>If you&#8217;re interested in a technical exploration of WM, executive attention, and the <strong>prefrontal cortex<\/strong>, check out Michael Kane&#8217;s work <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.3758\/BF03196323\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>And Finally, An Offer&#8230;<\/h2>\n<p>I love thinking about and talking about working memory. If you have a question or a crazy idea, feel free to email me: Andrew@TranslateTheBrain.com.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>To complete our summer-long series exploring working memory, this post includes lots of handy resources to help you explore and discover more.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":4918,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[30],"class_list":["post-4913","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lb-blog","tag-working-memory"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4913","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4913"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4913\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4920,"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4913\/revisions\/4920"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4918"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4913"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4913"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.learningandthebrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4913"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}